涉外知识
1.交际礼节套语交际礼节套语
久仰I've heard so much about you.
好久不见了Long time no see.
辛苦了You've had a long day.You've had a long flight.
尊敬的朋友们distinguished/Honorable/Respected friends
阁下(多用于称呼大使)Your Excellency
我代表北京市政府欢迎各位朋友访问北京。On behalf of the Beijing Municipal government, I wish to extend our warm welcome to the friends who have come to visit Beijing.
对您的大力协助，我谨代表北京市政府表示衷心的感谢。On behalf of the Beijing Municipal government, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to you for your gracious assistance.
在北京过得怎么样？How are you making out in Beijing?
我一定向他转达您的问候和邀请。I'll surely remember you and your invitation to him.
欢迎美商来北京投资。American businessmen are welcome to make investment in Beijing.
欢迎多提宝贵意见。Your valuable advice is most welcome.
不虚此行It's a rewarding trip.
您的日程很紧,我们的会见是否就到此为止。As you have a tight schedule, I will not take up more of your time.
请代我问候...先生please remember me to Mr.
感谢光临Thank you so much for coming.
欢迎再来Hope you'll come again.
欢迎以后多来北京Hope you'll visit Beijing more often.
请留步,不用送了。I will see myself out, please.
多保重Take care.
祝您一路平安。Have a nice trip.
愿为您效劳。At your service.
为…举行宴会/宴请host a dinner/banquet/luncheon in honor of …
欢迎宴会welcome dinner
便宴informal dinner
午宴（附有情况介绍或专题演讲等内容）luncheon
便餐light meal
工作午餐 working luncheon
自助餐 buffet dinner/luncheon
答谢宴会return dinner
告别宴会farewell dinner
庆功宴glee feast
招待会reception
庆祝中华人民共和国成立四十五周年招待会Reception Celebrating the 45th Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China
鸡尾酒会cocktail party
茶话会tea party
包餐/点餐table d'hote/a la carte
上菜serve a courst
您的位置在这里 Here is your seat.
请入席Please have a seat.
欢聚一堂enjoy this happy get-together
请随便Please yourself at home./Please enjoy yourself.
请各位随意用餐Help yourself please.
您喝点什么？what would you like to drink?
现在我提议，为了…和…之间的合作，为了…参议员的健康，干杯！At this point, I propose a toast: to the cooperation between … and … , to the health of Senator…, cheers!
最后，我借主人的酒，提议为…干杯！Lastly, taking up this glass of fine wine, I propose a toast to …
请各位举杯并同我一起为所有在座的朋友们的健康干杯！I'd ask you to raise your glass and join me in a toast ot the health of all our friends present here.
敬您一杯。Here's to you.
祝你健康To your health.
我要为此干杯I'll drink to that!
随量Whatever you like.
我失陪一会儿 Excuse me for a minute.
菜不好，请多多包涵 Hope you enjoy yourself.
女士们先生们，欢迎各位光临，演出很快就要开始了，请尽快就坐。Ladies and gentlemen, good evening. The concert/show would start soon. Please get yourself seated. Thank you.
招待会现在开始。The reception will now begin.
全体起立，奏国歌。All rise please. For the P.R.C.National Anthem.
出席今天招待会的贵宾有The distinguished guests paarticipating the reception are
现在请…讲话I have the honour to call upon…
开幕式现在结束。This concludes the opening ceremony.
隆重庆祝grand celebration
庆祝成立…一周年celebrating the 1st Anniversary of the Establishment of …
热烈祝贺第一届…锦标赛 Hail the first FIFA of …
值此节日之际致以节日的祝贺On the occasion of the season, I would like to extend season's greetings.
祝您工作顺利、事业成功、身体健康、家庭幸福！Wish you the very best of luck in your job, every successin your future endeavours, good health and a happy family!
衷心祝贺您当选…Hearty congratulations on your recent ecletion as …
举行会议/研讨会/大会/座谈会/学术报告会hold a meeting/seminar/conference /forum/symposium
赞助人/主办人/承办人/协办人patron/sponsor/organizer/co-organizer
举行谈判enter into negotiation
交涉 make representations with sb. on sth./deal with sb.
事物性会谈talks at working level
对口会谈 counterpart talks
议程项目items on the agenda
主题theme
议题topic for discussion
双方商定的议程schedule mutually agreed upon
开幕会议opening session
全体会议plenary session
开场白introduction
情况介绍presentation
小组讨论panel discussion
同有关单位磋商hold consultations with the organizations concerned
一轮会谈one round of talks
决议resolution
谅解备忘录memorandum of understanding
现在开会I declare the meeting open.
请…发言I invite the representative of …to take the floor.
下面我给各位简要介绍一下北京的经济情况Nnow I would like to give you a brief overview of Beijing's economy.
我的介绍完了，谢谢。That's all for my presentation.thank you.
我先说这么多。So much for my remarks for now.
我要说的就是这些。That's all for what I want to say.
您看是先谈原则问题呢，还是先谈具体问题？I wonder if you would like to start with matters of principle or specific issues?
让我先谈一个问题。If you agree,(With your permission)let me start with one issue
在谈那个问题之前我想对您刚才讲的话谈点看法。Before we trun to that issue, I wish to make a few comments/remarks on your presentation.
您对此事怎么看呢？I wish to benefit from your views on this matter./ What is your view on this matter?/ How do you see this matter?
我提议休会十分钟。I propose a ten-minute break.
我想接着刚才的问题讲下去。I will pick up where we left off just now.
对不起，我插一句。Sorry for the interruption but
当然可以。By all means
怎么都行。Whatever you say.
我没有异议。I have no objection
我方对这个问题有异议。We take exception to this question.
我们高兴地看到We note with pleasure that
这个日期贵方觉得合适吗？I wonder if this date wuld be suitable for you?
不知你们上午谈的怎样？I wonder how the meeting went this morning?
我方很希望贵方能尽早给予肯定的答复。We would greatlyl appreciate it if you could give us your favourable and prompt commitment as soonas possible.
请你们务必在8月1日前提出意向书。You are kindly requested to submit the letter of intent on the date no later than 1st August.
纠缠这个问题 entangle this issue
提倡节约advocate/uphold thriftiness
为了国家的繁荣for the sake of national property
经受了时间考验的友谊给我留下了很深的印象。The time-tested friendship leave me a deep impression.
密切注视Keep close watch on
促进密切合作spur/promote intensive cooperation
2.最新常用经济术语最新常用经济术语
国民经济、对外经济贸易NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE
经济指标economic indicators
社会总产值total product of society
国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
人均国内生产总值GDP per capita
工农业总产值gross output value of industry and agriculture
国民收入national income
购买力平价法purchasing power parity
财政收入state revenue
社会商品零售总额total volume of retail sales
社会零售物价总指数general retail price index
百分点percentage points
"八五"划划the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development
计划经济planned economy
统购统销state monopoly over purchase and marketing
市场经济market economy
指令性计划mandatory plan
指导性计划guidance plan
市场调节market regulation
建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制"establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government
抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础"stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology
实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化"optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population
第一、二、三产业primary, secondary and tertiary industries
外向型经济export-oriented economy
创汇型企业foreign exchange-earning enterprise
劳动密集型labor intensive
技术、智力、资本密集型technology, knowledge or capital intensive
高附加值的深加工down-stream processing with high added-value
优化资源配置optimize allocation of resources
生产力productive forces
生产资料capital goods
科研成果产业化industrialization of research findings
火炬计划Torch Plan
技术入股technology appraised as capital stock
风险投资venture investment/capital
固定资产投资investment in fixed assets
折旧费depreciation cost
关系民生的产品products vital to the people's livelihood
供大于求oversupply
供不应求short supply
经济过热overheated economy
抑制炒房地产热stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market
宏观调控macro-economic control
经济杠杆economic levers
产业政策industrial policy
财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate
提高经济效益enhance economic performance/returns
社会效益social effect/returns
实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development
财政赤字(盈余 )budget deficit(surplus)
外贸出口总额gross foreign export value
外商直接投资协议金额contracted foreign direct investment
实际利用外资foreign investment in actual use
三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营)three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture
允许外商独资经营allow full foreign equity operation
优惠条件confessional terms; favorable terms
减免税收tax reduction and exemption
合作方式 approaches to cooperation
出资方式means of contributing investment
合营期限contract term of a joint venture
三来一补 (来料加工,来件装配,来样加工)processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)
贸易伙伴 trade partner
转口贸易transit trade
外贸顺差foreign trade surplus
积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside
交钥匙工程turn-key project
招标承包制bidding invitation contract system
招标出售技术bids for technology
公开招标call for bid; tenders
招标单invitation for bid (IFB)
标书bidding document
竟标competitive bidding
投标bid for a project
投标报价书bid proposals
评标bid proposal evaluation
开标bid opening
中标win a bid; be awarded a tender
拍卖auction
租赁leasing
保税区bonded area; free trade area
实行全方位开放practice multi-directional opening
统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition
自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibility for one's own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system
知识产权intellectual property rights
技术转让technology transfer
可行性研究feasibility study
意向书letter of intent
投资环境investment environment
跨国公司transnational coorporation
基础设施infrastructure
20年基本实现现代化basically achieve modernization in 20 years
发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.
招商attract investment
招商项目project proposals for investment
同国际惯例接轨 follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage
加大改革力度intensify reforms
一条龙服务one package service
一支笔审批one-chop approval
我们两市的经济互补性很强。To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.
平等互利，互通有无equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods
外引内联act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections
保持发展后劲bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development
经济实力economic capabilities
龙头pacemaker; leading role
三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）"three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.
瓶颈bottleneck
以工养农use industrial income to finance agriculture
以路养路use tolls to repay investment in road projects
下放审批权delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels
统而不死，活而不乱ensure a flexible control
良性循环positive cycle
国民经济的支柱mainstay of the national economy
格局初步形成Pattern has taken initial shape.
理顺企业的产权关系rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises
政策性亏损policy-related loss
三角债chain debts
上不封顶，下不保底set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee
企业“工效挂钩”link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise
生意兴隆/冷淡Business is booming/sluggish
质量信得过单位quality trustworthy organization
批量生产mass production
以销定产limit production to market ability
内联企业inland associated enterprises
菜篮子工程shipping basket project
国产化percentage of home-made parts
配套改革coordinated reforms
配套措施supporting measures
配套工程auxiliary project
国内配套资金domestic funds
向基础工业倾斜的政策policy in favor of basic industry
升级换代upgrading and updating
看好经济增长think highly of economic growth
行情看好Favorable price/market can be expected.
行情看涨/跌anticipate lower market price/rising price
随行就市fluctuate in line with market conditions
片面追求发展速度seek an unduly high growth rate
在过渡时期in a period of transition
粗放/集约经营extensive/intensive operation
基础地位leading position
门类齐全covering extensive fields
存款/贷款余额the balance of deposits/loans
外汇储备foreign exchange reserves
贸易顺差trade surplus
完善的市场和发达的金融体制well-established market and sophisticated financial system
消灭失业wipe out unemployment
降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order
紧缩银根tighten the money supply
一位数水平one digit level
保持双边贸易的平衡balance the two-way trade
这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to forge enduring/lasting and constant/continuous economic ties.
市场疲软a market slump
库存积压overstocked products
国家指令性计划state mandatory planning
统一定价unified price setting
国家统配物资materials allocated by state
货币发放the issue of currency
规范价格秩序 standardize the price order
简化流通环节，增加随机检查simplify circulation and add more random checks
市场机制开始发挥调节作用。The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role.
由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。Grains are purchased and sold by the same price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance.
导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。An important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices.
3.涉外信函书写要求涉外信函书写要求
一、人称
人称要与文书格式相适应。以个人名义发出的涉外信函以签署人的口气用第一人称写成。签署者与受文者要相适应。
“阁下”可用于尊称国家领导、政府部长、州长、省长、大使、特使、重要国际组织主要领导人等。其余一般官员、社会人士可尊称为“先生”或“女士”。
二、客套用语
客套用语要与格式相适应。如普通照会开头的“×××向×××致意”这一客套用语不能用作个人函件中的开头语，信函结尾的致敬语使用时要注意与双方的身份、关系和场合相适应。致敬语不能自成一页，应紧跟正文后另起一段。
三、称呼
文书抬头即受文人的职衔、姓名等要全称，文中第一次出现职衔、姓名也要全称。第二次出现则可用简称。
四、国名
文书信封和文中的抬头的国名等均用全称。文中第一次出现时用全称，以后可用简称。但有些国家由于情况特殊，如朝鲜民主主义共和国国名则须用全称。
有些国家由于发生革命、政变或其他原因，国名可能改变，须随时注意，不要写错。
五、译文
对外信函一般以中文为正本。但为了使收件人能够确切理解文件的实质内容，往往附有收件国文字或通用的第三国文字的译文。较为重要的文书则附以译文为好（并注明“非正式译文”字样）。各国套语用法以及行文格式与中文不同，翻译时应注意，要符合各种文字的用法。一般信函也可用接受国文字或通用文字书写。
